Outline
In Ruby, we can use for, white, and until for the loop. In this blog post, we’ll see what kind of the loops are and how to use them.
Loop
For loop
The For loop will repeat in Array or Range.
for Element in Array or Range do
Repeated Rctions
end
You can use the For loop like below.
a = [1, 2, 3]
for i in a do
puts i
end
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You can omit do in the For loop like below
a = [1, 2, 3]
for i in a
puts i
end
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Also, you can use the For loop with Range like below.
for i in 1..3 do
puts i
end
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If you want to know more details about Range, see the blog post below.
While loop
The While loop will repeat while a given condition is true.
while Condition do
Repeated Actions
end
You can use the While loop like below.
i = 1
while i <= 3 do
puts i
i += 1
end
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# 3
You can omit do in the While loop like below.
i = 1
while i <= 3
puts i
i += 1
end
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# 3
Also, you can use the While loop like below.
i = 1
begin
puts i
i += 1
end while i <= 3
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Util loop
The Until loop will repeat until the given condition is true(while the given condition is false).
until Condition do
Repeated Actions
end
You can use the Until loop like below.
i = 1
until i > 3 do
puts i
i += 1
end
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You can omit do in the Until loop like below.
i = 1
until i > 3
puts i
i += 1
end
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Control the loop
To control the For, While and Until loop, you can use break, next, redo and retry.
Break
If you use the Break in the loop, you can stop the loop.
a = [1, 2, 3]
for i in a do
puts i
if i == 2 then
break
end
end
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You can use it in the While loop like below.
i = 1
while i <= 3
puts i
i += 1
if i == 3 then
break
end
end
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You can use it in the Until loop like below.
i = 1
until i > 3
puts i
i += 1
if i == 3 then
break
end
end
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Next
If you use the Next in the loop, you can stop the current loop, and move on the next one.
a = [1, 2, 3]
for i in a do
if i == 2 then
next
end
puts i
end
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# 3
You can use it in the While loop like below.
i = 0
while i < 3
i += 1
if i == 2 then
next
end
puts i
end
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# 3
You can use it in the Until loop like below.
i = 0
until i > 2
i += 1
if i == 2 then
next
end
puts i
end
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# 3
Redo
If you use the Redo in the loop, you can stop the current loop, and you can do the loop again with the same condition.
a = [1, 2, 3]
for i in a do
if i == 2 then
i = 10
redo
end
puts i
end
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You can use it in the While loop like below.
i = 1
while i <= 3
puts i
i += 1
if i == 2 then
i = 10
redo
end
end
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# 10
You can use it in the Until loop like below.
i = 1
until i > 3
puts i
i += 1
if i == 3 then
i = 10
redo
end
end
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Retry
If the error occurs in the loop, you can start the loop again from the first by using the Retry.
re = 1
a = [1, 2, 3]
begin
for i in a do
if re == 3 then
break
end
if i == 3 then
re += 1
raise "This is an exception"
end
puts i
end
rescue
retry
end
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In here, you can see begin...rescue...end. It is the same with try...catch on the other programming languages. If the error occurs in begin...rescue, the codes in rescue...end are executed.
In this example, I used raise to make the error occurs, to use retry.
Completed
We’ve seen how to use the Loop in Ruby and also, we’ve seen how to control the Loop. It’s a little bit hard to understand retry, but it’s a very important loop that restarts the loop from the first when the error occurs, so keep it to remember.
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